What Are Themes In Literature? [Meaning & Examples]
Themes in literature are one of the integral elements of a story. They can provide readers with a deeper insight into the characters, plot points and messages conveyed. Themes convey the true meaning of a story.
With different types of themes, writers can create powerful stories that evoke emotion from their audiences. In this article, we will explore what a theme in literature means, why they are important for telling stories, how to identify them, as well as examples from popular books and literature.
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What Are Themes In Literature?
A theme in literature is the central idea or message of a story. It’s often found by looking at how characters act, think, and feel throughout the story, as well as how they interact with each other and their environment.
Themes can be general or specific, but they are always connected to a story’s plot and characters. They often have a moral lesson or teach readers something about life.
Themes can also be complex and subtle, but there are some that are commonly seen in literature such as good versus evil, coming of age, love vs. hate, life lessons learned from experience, power of friendship or family ties etc.
For example, a story exploring the theme of good versus evil may have characters that represent both sides. It can also make readers better understand the core of morality. Likewise, a story that explores the theme of friendship might include protagonists who go through challenges together, as they learn to depend on each other in difficult situations.
Themes in stories gives insights into human nature and inspire us to think more deeply about the messages in the story. They help readers to draw parallels between their own life experiences and those of the characters. And this allows us to gain valuable lessons.
Why Are Themes Important in Literature?
Themes in stories serve to establish an emotional bond between the reader and what’s happening. They provide a way for readers to relate beyond just events or character arcs. They also help writers convey messages about values without being preachy.
Themes are the central ideas that tie stories together, giving them meaning and depth beyond what’s on the surface. Ultimately, themes provide a structure for the entire narrative – giving it direction and purpose. It serves to give meaning to a story beyond simply telling a tale.
What Are The Examples Of Themes In Literature?
There are many examples of themes used in literature, including:
- Love
- Good vs evil: such as the age-old conundrum of right versus wrong
- Redemption: seeking absolution after committing a misdeed
- Fate/destiny: the belief that one’s future is predetermined
- Courage/bravery: overcoming adversity despite obstacles
- Justice: the notion of fairness
- Freedom/liberty: striving for autonomy
- Survival/perseverance: perseverence in the face of difficulty
- Revenge/retribution: getting even with those who have wronged you
- Betrayal: a breach of trust between people
- Identity: self-exploration
- Loss & Grief
- Family Dynamics
- Coming Of Age
- Power & Control
- Rebellions and revolutions
👉Want to learn more? See our complete guide on examples of themes in literature
How Can You Identify Themes In A Story?
Uncovering underlying themes can be difficult, yet there are multiple to find out. You can scan for certain symbols or recurring patterns as a first step. You can also observe how characters evolve throughout the story. Also, examine pivotal moments in the plot. This is usually where decisions were based on certain values such as courage, loyalty, or love.
You can also take the time to research other nuances that can also help identify themes in a story. This includes minor background information such as the context of the author’s life, experiences, or potential influences on his writing.
Difference Between Theme And Subject Matter In A Story
The term theme and subject matter are often used interchangeably, but they actually have different meanings. The theme of a story is the underlying message or main idea that the author wants to convey to the reader. It is what makes the story unique and meaningful to readers. Subject matter, on the other hand, is the setting, characters and plot of the story. It is what the author uses to tell their story and develop their theme.
Subject matter refers to what happens in a story while theme is rather implied from what happens in the story. Theme is more abstract – it’s about exploring ideas like morality, humanity’s relationship with technology etc., which aren’t explicitly stated but rather implied through various elements such as dialogue, setting, description etc.
A common example of this difference is when discussing Romeo and Juliet, a play by William Shakespeare. The subject matter of the play is about two star-crossed lovers who come from feuding families, but ultimately die for one another. This is the plot, or subject matter of the play. However, the theme is about love conquering all obstacles and how true love can even triumph over death.
Themes are often more abstract than subject matters because they involve a deeper analysis of the story’s core meaning.
That said, while subject matter and theme are related, they are not the same thing. Subject matter deals with the plot and characters of a story while theme deals with the underlying meaning and message that the author is trying to convey.
Theme Vs Subject Matter
| Theme | Subject Matter |
| 1. An abstract concept that encompasses the entire story | More concrete and easily identifiable |
| 2. Often implicit rather than explicit | More explicit |
3. Seen as the main idea or underlying message | Seen as the particular issues that are discussed in the narrative |
| 4. Implies a universal message about life or human nature | Limited to the specific ideas and topics within the narrative |
| 5. Offer central ideas that are reinforced by the events in the story | Are the topics and ideas in the story |
| 6. Themes can be broad or specific | Can be far more varied |
| 7. May focus on a certain moral, such as “the importance of friendship” or “the power of love,” | May represent any element explored in the story |
How Does A Writer Choose A Theme?
Choosing a theme depends largely on your personal preference. However, some writers might find inspiration from current affairs topics such as climate change, immigration reform, etc., while others might draw upon timeless concepts like love & loss.
Some authors also prefer working around universal themes that cut across cultures while others may focus specifically on local experiences unique to their own culture. So, it comes down to your own individual taste. But don’t be afraid experiment until you find something that resonates with you.
How Does a Writer Develop a Theme?
Constructing a theme for a narrative is an integral part of the writing procedure, as it can be the factor that makes a work remarkable and memorable. A strong, well-developed theme can be the difference between an average piece of work and something truly special.
To develop a theme, identify the core of your story. Once you have identified this, you can begin to explore them further through research or personal experience if necessary.
Try to investigate different possibilities for your chosen theme, then determine the most effective way to convey it within your narrative structure and character arcs. If possible, attempt to intertwine multiple related themes into a single coherent whole. For example, if your story is about love, you could explore themes such as trust, sacrifice, selflessness, and so on.
Once done, begin to think of ways to incorporate it into the plot. You can do this is by making sure that every scene or chapter incorporates elements of the theme, even if it’s subtle. For example, elements of trust can be woven throughout the story, from small gestures by characters to major plot points.
Your characters should also embody various aspects of the theme, and their choices should reflect that. As you write, try to express your theme using imagery, symbolism and other literary devices.
Keep in mind that a powerful theme should become more apparent as the reader moves through the narrative. It should remain consistent throughout the story, and should be present from beginning to end. If you are writing a longer work such as a novel or a screenplay, consider revisiting the themes at various points to reinforce them.
Developing a theme in literature can be an intricate process. It requires careful consideration since all aspects must work together seamlessly vis a vis:
- storyline should support the main idea
- characterization should reflect core beliefs
- setting should evoke the desired mood
- imagery needs to create atmosphere
- dialogue should reinforce the overall message.
Themes in literature are a powerful way to convey ideas and feelings to readers. Thus, it is important to understand their purpose and how they work.
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What are motifs in literature?
Motifs are repeated elements or ideas that have symbolic significance in a work of literature. They can be found in any part of the text and often help to emphasize a theme or provide a deeper level of understanding.
Common motifs in literature include water, light and darkness, animals, journeys, dreams and journeys. Pay close attention to these motifs as they can reveal important information about the story or characters.
What is the difference between themes and motifs?
The main difference between themes and motifs in literature is that themes are broader topics or ideas explored throughout the work, while motifs are more specific elements that appear repeatedly and have symbolic significance.
While themes can be derived from characters, plot points or symbolism, motifs are typically found in images and objects. Additionally, themes often reflect the author’s message or opinion on a particular topic, while motifs often help to emphasize a theme.
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FAQs on Themes In Literature
How Can I Identify A Theme In Literature?
To identify a theme in literature, look for recurring ideas or topics that are explored throughout the work. Ask yourself questions such as “What is the author trying to say about this topic?” or “What message does this story have about life?” Pay attention to symbolism and motifs, which often communicate themes more subtly than dialogue and plot.
How Can I Use Themes And Motifs In My Writing?
To effectively use themes and motifs in your writing, it is important to be aware of their symbolic significance. Motifs should be used carefully and strategically to emphasize a particular point or idea. Also, you can use them to foreshadow events in the story or provide insight into characters’ thoughts and feelings.
Can Characters Be A Theme In Literature?
Characters can be a theme in literature, as they often embody certain values or attitudes that reflect the author’s opinion on a particular topic. For example, a character’s arc throughout a story can also be used to explore themes such as coming of age or the human condition.
Final Notes on Themes In Literature
Themes in literature are part of the elements that construct a narrative. They can be discovered by examining how characters interact with each other and their environment.
Writers should consider universal themes like love & loss or local experiences when choosing a theme for their story. They should also strive to develop the theme carefully so all elements work together to reinforce the overall message.
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